subroutine RestartFileClose
    !
    ! リスタートデータファイル出力の終了処理を行います. 
    !
    ! Terminate restart data files output. 

    ! モジュール引用 ; USE statements
    !

    ! gtool4 データ出力
    ! Gtool4 data output
    !
    use gtool_history, only: HistoryClose

    ! 宣言文 ; Declaration statements
    !
    implicit none

    ! 作業変数
    ! Work variables
    !

    ! 実行文 ; Executable statement
    !
    if ( .not. restart_file_opened ) return

    call HistoryClose( history = gthst_rst ) ! (inout)

    restart_file_opened = .false.
  end subroutine RestartFileClose

  subroutine RestartFileGet( xyz_UB, xyz_VB, xyz_TempB, xyz_QVapB, xy_PsB, xyz_UN, xyz_VN, xyz_TempN, xyz_QVapN, xy_PsN, flag_initial )
    !
    ! リスタート/初期値データの入力を行います. 
    ! リスタート/初期値データファイルが存在しない場合には, 
    ! initial_data モジュールを用いて, 初期値生成を行います. 
    !
    ! Input restart/initial data. 
    ! If a restart/initial data file is not exist, 
    ! initial data is created by "initial_data". 


    ! モジュール引用 ; USE statements
    !

    ! 時刻管理
    ! Time control
    !
    use timeset, only: DelTime               ! $ \Delta t $ [s]

    ! 初期値データ (リスタートデータ) 提供
    ! Prepare initial data (restart data)
    !
    use initial_data, only: InitDataGet

    ! 時刻管理
    ! Time control
    !
    use timeset, only: StartTime             ! 計算開始時刻. 
                              ! Start time of calculation

    ! gtool4 データ入力
    ! Gtool4 data input
    !
    use gtool_history, only: HistoryGet, HistoryGetAttr

    ! 日付および時刻の取り扱い
    ! Date and time handler
    !
    use dc_date, only: EvalByUnit

    ! 文字列操作
    ! Character handling
    !
    use dc_string, only: toChar

    ! ファイル入出力補助
    ! File I/O support
    !
    use dc_iounit, only: FileOpen

    ! 宣言文 ; Declaration statements
    !
    implicit none
    real(DP), intent(out):: xyz_UB  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ u (t-\Delta t) $ .   東西風速. Eastward wind
    real(DP), intent(out):: xyz_VB  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ v (t-\Delta t) $ .   南北風速. Northward wind
    real(DP), intent(out):: xyz_TempB  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ T (t-\Delta t) $ .   温度. Temperature
    real(DP), intent(out):: xyz_QVapB  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ q (t-\Delta t) $ .   比湿. Specific humidity
    real(DP), intent(out):: xy_PsB (0:imax-1, 1:jmax)
                              ! $ p_s (t-\Delta t) $ . 地表面気圧. Surface pressure
    real(DP), intent(out):: xyz_UN  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ u (t) $ .     東西風速. Eastward wind
    real(DP), intent(out):: xyz_VN  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ v (t) $ .     南北風速. Northward wind
    real(DP), intent(out):: xyz_TempN  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ T (t) $ .     温度. Temperature
    real(DP), intent(out):: xyz_QVapN  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ q (t) $ .     比湿. Specific humidity
    real(DP), intent(out):: xy_PsN (0:imax-1, 1:jmax)
                              ! $ p_s (t) $ .   地表面気圧. Surface pressure
    logical, intent(out), optional:: flag_initial
                              ! リスタートデータを読み込む場合には, 
                              ! .false. が, 初期値データを読み込む場合には
                              ! .true. が返ります. 
                              ! 
                              ! If restart data is loaded, .false. is returned.
                              ! On the other hand, if initial data is loaded, 
                              ! .true. is returned. 

    ! 作業変数
    ! Work variables
    !
    logical:: flag_init_get   ! 初期値データ入力時は .true. 
                              ! 
                              ! If initial data is input, 
                              ! this is ".true.".

    character(TOKEN):: time_range
                              ! 時刻の指定. 
                              ! Specification of time
    real(DP):: deltime_value
                              ! 'deltime' 変数の値. 
                              ! Value of 'deltime' variable. 
    real(DP):: time_check
                              ! 時刻チェック用作業変数
                              ! Work variable for check time
    logical:: get_err
                              ! 入力時のエラーフラグ. 
                              ! Error flag for input
    real(DP):: returned_time
                              ! 入力データの時刻. 
                              ! Time of input data.
    character(TOKEN):: time_units
                              ! 入力データの時刻の単位. 
                              ! Units of time of input data.
    logical:: flag_time_exist
                              ! 入力データの時刻用のフラグ. 
                              ! Flag for time of input data.
    real(DP):: start_time
                              ! 計算開始時刻. 
                              ! Start time of calculation
    integer:: unit_nml
                              ! ファイルオープン用装置番号. 
                              ! Unit number for file open

    logical:: flag_mpi_init
#ifdef LIB_MPI
    integer:: err_mpi
#endif

    ! 実行文 ; Executable statement
    !

    if ( .not. restart_file_io_inited ) call RestartFileInit

    ! データを initial_data モジュールから取得
    ! Data is input from "initial_data" module
    ! 
    if ( trim(InputFile) == '' ) then
      call InitDataGet( xyz_UB, xyz_VB, xyz_TempB, xyz_QVapB, xy_PsB )   ! (out)

      call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, 'Initial data (not restart data) is input ' // 'from a module "initial_data". ' // '*B (t-dt) and *N (t) are same.' )

      xyz_UN    = xyz_UB
      xyz_VN    = xyz_VB
      xyz_TempN = xyz_TempB
      xyz_QVapN = xyz_QVapB
      xy_PsN    = xy_PsB

      if ( present(flag_initial) ) flag_initial = .true.

    ! データを InputFile から取得
    ! Data is input from InputFile
    ! 
    else

      ! ファイルの有無を確認
      ! Conform an existence of an input file
      ! 
      call FileOpen( unit_nml, InputFile, mode = 'r', err = get_err )

      if ( get_err ) then
        call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'restart/initial data file "%c" is not found.', c1 = trim(InputFile) )
      else
        close( unit_nml )
      end if

      ! 時刻情報の取得
      ! Get time information
      !
      time_range = 'time=' // toChar( EvalbyUnit( StartTime, IntUnit ) )

      ! 初期値データかリスタートデータかのチェック
      ! Check whether input data is initial data or restart data
      ! 
      call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'U', xyz_UB, err = get_err, quiet = .true., flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )        ! (in) optional

      if ( .not. get_err ) then
        flag_init_get = .true.
        if ( present(flag_initial) ) flag_initial = .true.

      else
        flag_init_get = .false.
        if ( present(flag_initial) ) flag_initial = .false.

        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'UB', xyz_UB, range = time_range, quiet = .true., err = get_err, returned_time = returned_time, flag_time_exist = flag_time_exist, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )        ! (in) optional

        if ( get_err ) then
          call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'One of necessary variables "UB" for restart ' // 'is not included in "%c"', c1 = trim(InputFile) )
        end if

        ! 時間ステップのチェック
        ! Check time step
        !
        deltime_value = 0.
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'deltime', array = deltime_value, err = get_err )             ! (out)

        if ( get_err ) then
          call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'A necessary variable "deltime" for restart ' // 'is not included in "%c"', c1 = trim(InputFile) )
        end if

        time_check = deltime_value / DelTime
        if ( 0.999 > time_check .or. time_check > 1.0001 ) then
          call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'deltime=<%f> [sec] in "%c" is differ from DelTime=<%f> [sec]', c1 = trim(InputFile), d = (/deltime_value, DelTime/) )
        end if

        ! データの時刻とモデル時刻の比較
        ! Compare Time of data with model time
        !
        if ( .not. flag_time_exist ) then
          call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'Input data does not depend on time. ' // 'Restart data must be depended on time. ' )
        end if

        call HistoryGetAttr( InputFile, 'time', 'units', time_units )                                   ! (out)
        start_time = EvalByUnit( StartTime, time_units )

        if ( start_time == 0. ) then
          if ( .not. returned_time == 0. ) then
            call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'time=<%f> [%c] of data in "%c" is differ from StartTime=<%f> [%c]', c1 = trim(time_units), c2 = trim(InputFile), c3 = trim(time_units), d = (/returned_time, start_time/) )
          end if
        else
          time_check = returned_time / start_time
          if ( 0.999 > time_check .or. time_check > 1.0001 ) then
            call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'time=<%f> of data in "%c" is differ from StartTime=<%f>', c1 = trim(InputFile), d = (/returned_time, start_time/) )
          end if
        end if

      end if

#ifdef LIB_MPI
      ! MPI における初期化が行われているかを確認する. 
      ! Confirm initialization of MPI
      !
      call MPI_Initialized(flag_mpi_init, err_mpi)
#else
      flag_mpi_init = .false.
#endif

      ! データ入力
      ! Data input
      ! 
      if ( flag_init_get ) then
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'U', array = xyz_UB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )  ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'V', array = xyz_VB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )  ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'Temp', array = xyz_TempB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )  ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'QVap', array = xyz_QVapB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )  ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'Ps', array = xy_PsB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )  ! (in) optional

        call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, 'Initial data (not restart data) is input ' // 'from a data file "%c". ' // '*B (t-dt) and *N (t) are same.', c1 = trim(InputFile) )

        xyz_UN    = xyz_UB
        xyz_VN    = xyz_VB
        xyz_TempN = xyz_TempB
        xyz_QVapN = xyz_QVapB
        xy_PsN    = xy_PsB

      else
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'UB', range = time_range, array = xyz_UB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )        ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'VB', range = time_range, array = xyz_VB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )        ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'TempB', range = time_range, array = xyz_TempB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )           ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'QVapB', range = time_range, array = xyz_QVapB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )           ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'PsB', range = time_range, array = xy_PsB, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )         ! (in) optional

        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'UN', range = time_range, array = xyz_UN, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )        ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'VN', range = time_range, array = xyz_VN, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )        ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'TempN', range = time_range, array = xyz_TempN, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )           ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'QVapN', range = time_range, array = xyz_QVapN, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )           ! (in) optional
        call HistoryGet( InputFile, 'PsN', range = time_range, array = xy_PsN, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init )         ! (in) optional

        call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, 'Restart data (not initial data) is input ' // 'from a data file "%c". ', c1 = trim(InputFile) )
      end if

    end if

  end subroutine RestartFileGet

  subroutine RestartFileOpen( flag_init_data )
    !
    ! リスタート/初期値ファイルをオープンします. 
    !
    ! A restart/initial data file is opened. 
    !

    ! モジュール引用 ; USE statements
    !

    ! 出力ファイルの基本情報
    ! Basic information for output files
    ! 
    use fileset, only: FileTitle, FileSource, FileInstitution
                              ! データファイルを最終的に変更した組織/個人. 
                              ! Institution or person that changes data files for the last time

    ! 物理定数設定
    ! Physical constants settings
    !
    use constants, only: PI   ! $ \pi $ .
                              ! 円周率.  Circular constant

    ! 座標データ設定
    ! Axes data settings
    !
    use axesset, only: x_Lon, x_Lon_Weight, y_Lat, y_Lat_Weight, z_Sigma, r_Sigma, z_DelSigma
                              ! $ \Delta \sigma $ (整数). 
                              ! $ \Delta \sigma $ (Full)

    ! 時刻管理
    ! Time control
    !
    use timeset, only: DelTime, StartTime, StartDate, StartDateValid        ! 計算開始日時の有効性. 
                              ! Validation of start date of calculation

    ! gtool4 データ出力
    ! Gtool4 data output
    !
    use gtool_history, only: HistoryCreate, HistoryAddVariable, HistoryPut, HistoryAddAttr

    ! 文字列操作
    ! Character handling
    !
    use dc_string, only: StoA, CPrintf, LChar

    ! 日付および時刻の取り扱い
    ! Date and time handler
    !
    use dc_date, only: toChar, EvalByUnit, operator(+)

    ! 組み込み関数 PRESENT の拡張版関数
    ! Extended functions of intrinsic function "PRESENT"
    !
    use dc_present, only: present_and_true

    ! 宣言文 ; Declaration statements
    !
    implicit none
    logical, intent(in), optional:: flag_init_data
                              ! 初期値データを作成する場合は, 
                              ! この引数に .true. を与えます. 
                              ! 
                              ! If initial data is created, 
                              ! give ".true." to this argument. 

    ! 作業変数
    ! Work variables
    !
    character(STRING):: title_msg
                              ! 表題に付加するメッセージ. 
                              ! Message added to title
    real:: origin_time
                              ! 計算開始時刻. 
                              ! Start time of calculation
    character(STRING):: time_unit
                              ! 日時の単位. Units of date and time

    logical:: flag_mpi_init
#ifdef LIB_MPI
    integer:: err_mpi
#endif

    ! 実行文 ; Executable statement
    !

    ! 初期化
    ! Initialization
    !
    flag_init_data_save = present_and_true( flag_init_data )
    if ( .not. restart_file_io_inited ) call RestartFileInit
    if ( restart_file_opened ) return

    ! 表題に付加するメッセージの設定
    ! Configure message added to title
    !
    if ( .not. flag_init_data_save ) then
      title_msg = ' restart data'
    else
      title_msg = ' initial data'
    end if

    ! 時刻情報の取得
    ! Get time information
    !
    if ( .not. flag_init_data_save ) then
      origin_time = EvalByUnit( StartTime + IntTime, IntUnit )
    else
      origin_time = EvalByUnit( StartTime, IntUnit )
    end if

    if ( StartDateValid ) then
      time_unit = trim(IntUnit) // ' since ' // toChar(StartDate)
    else
      time_unit = IntUnit
    end if

#ifdef LIB_MPI
    ! MPI における初期化が行われているかを確認する. 
    ! Confirm initialization of MPI
    !
    call MPI_Initialized(flag_mpi_init, err_mpi)
#else
    flag_mpi_init = .false.
#endif

    ! 軸データの設定
    ! Configure axes data
    !
    

    ! リスタートファイルのオープン
    ! Open a restart file
    !
    call HistoryCreate( file = OutputFile, title = trim(FileTitle) // trim(title_msg), source = FileSource, institution = FileInstitution, dims = StoA( 'lon', 'lat', 'sig', 'sigm', 'time' ), dimsizes = (/ imax, jmax, kmax, kmax + 1, 0 /), longnames = StoA( 'longitude', 'latitude', 'sigma at layer midpoints', 'sigma at layer end-points (half level)', 'time' ), units = StoA( 'degree_east', 'degree_north', '1', '1', time_unit ), xtypes = (/'double', 'double', 'double', 'double', 'double'/), origin = origin_time, interval = IntValue, flag_mpi_split = flag_mpi_init, history = gthst_rst )          ! (out) optional

    ! $ \Delta t $ に関する情報を追加. 
    ! Add information about $ \Delta t $. 
    !
    if ( .not. flag_init_data_save ) then
      call HistoryAddVariable( varname = 'deltime', dims = (/''/), longname = 'delta time', units = 'sec', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )              ! (inout)
      call HistoryPut( varname = 'deltime', array = (/ DelTime /), history = gthst_rst )             ! (inout)
    end if

    ! 座標データの設定
    ! Axes data settings
    !
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'lon', attrname = 'standard_name', value = 'longitude', history = gthst_rst )                    ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'lat', attrname = 'standard_name', value = 'latitude', history = gthst_rst )                    ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'sig', attrname = 'standard_name', value = 'atmosphere_sigma_coordinate', history = gthst_rst )                    ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'sigm', attrname = 'standard_name', value = 'atmosphere_sigma_coordinate', history = gthst_rst )                    ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'time', attrname = 'standard_name', value = 'time', history = gthst_rst )                    ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'sig', attrname = 'positive', value = 'down', history = gthst_rst )                    ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'sigm', attrname = 'positive', value = 'down', history = gthst_rst )                    ! (inout)

    call HistoryPut( 'lon', x_Lon / PI * 180.0_DP, history = gthst_rst )           ! (inout)
    call HistoryPut( 'lat', y_Lat / PI * 180.0_DP, history = gthst_rst )           ! (inout)
    call HistoryPut( 'sig', z_Sigma, history = gthst_rst )           ! (inout)
    call HistoryPut( 'sigm', r_Sigma, history = gthst_rst )           ! (inout)

    ! 座標重みの設定
    ! Axes weights settings
    !
    call HistoryAddVariable( 'lon_weight', (/'lon'/), 'weight for integration in longitude', 'radian', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                              ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'lon', attrname = 'gt_calc_weight', value = 'lon_weight', history = gthst_rst )                     ! (inout)
    call HistoryPut( 'lon_weight', x_Lon_Weight, history = gthst_rst )                     ! (inout)

    call HistoryAddVariable( 'lat_weight', (/'lat'/), 'weight for integration in latitude', units = 'radian', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                                     ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'lat', attrname = 'gt_calc_weight', value = 'lat_weight', history = gthst_rst )                     ! (inout)
    call HistoryPut( 'lat_weight', y_Lat_Weight, history = gthst_rst )                     ! (inout)

    call HistoryAddVariable( 'sig_weight', (/'sig'/), 'weight for integration in sigma', '1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                     ! (inout)
    call HistoryAddAttr( 'sig', attrname = 'gt_calc_weight', value = 'sig_weight', history = gthst_rst )                     ! (inout)
    call HistoryPut( 'sig_weight', z_DelSigma, history = gthst_rst )                     ! (inout)

    ! 予報変数の設定
    ! Predictional variables settings
    !
    if ( flag_init_data_save ) then
      
      ! 初期データファイル用
      ! For initial data file
      !
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'U', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'eastward wind', 'm s-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'V', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'northward wind', 'm s-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'Temp', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'temperature', 'K', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'QVap', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'specific humidity', 'kg kg-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'Ps', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'time' /), 'surface pressure', 'Pa', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)

    else
      ! リスタートデータファイル用
      ! For restart data file
      !
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'UB', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'eastward wind (at t-\Delta t)', 'm s-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'VB', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'northward wind (at t-\Delta t)', 'm s-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'TempB', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'temperature (at t-\Delta t)', 'K', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'QVapB', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'specific humidity (at t-\Delta t)', 'kg kg-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'PsB', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'time' /), 'surface pressure (at t-\Delta t)', 'Pa', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)

      call HistoryAddVariable( 'UN', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'eastward wind (at t)', 'm s-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'VN', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'northward wind (at t)', 'm s-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'TempN', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'temperature (at t)', 'K', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'QVapN', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'sig ', 'time' /), 'specific humidity (at t)', 'kg kg-1', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
      call HistoryAddVariable( 'PsN', (/ 'lon ', 'lat ', 'time' /), 'surface pressure (at t)', 'Pa', xtype = 'double', history = gthst_rst )                               ! (inout)
    end if

    restart_file_opened = .true.
  end subroutine RestartFileOpen

  subroutine InitCheck
    !
    ! 依存モジュールの初期化チェック
    !
    ! Check initialization of dependency modules

    ! モジュール引用 ; USE statements
    !

    ! NAMELIST ファイル入力に関するユーティリティ
    ! Utilities for NAMELIST file input
    !
    use namelist_util, only: namelist_util_inited

    ! 出力ファイルの基本情報管理
    ! Management basic information for output files
    !
    use fileset, only: fileset_inited

    ! 格子点設定
    ! Grid points settings
    !
    use gridset, only: gridset_inited

    ! 物理定数設定
    ! Physical constants settings
    !
    use constants, only: constants_inited

    ! 座標データ設定
    ! Axes data settings
    !
    use axesset, only: axesset_inited

    ! 時刻管理
    ! Time control
    !
    use timeset, only: timeset_inited


    ! 実行文 ; Executable statement
    !

    if ( .not. namelist_util_inited ) call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, '"namelist_util" module is not initialized.' )

    if ( .not. fileset_inited ) call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, '"fileset" module is not initialized.' )

    if ( .not. gridset_inited ) call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, '"gridset" module is not initialized.' )

    if ( .not. constants_inited ) call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, '"constants" module is not initialized.' )

    if ( .not. axesset_inited ) call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, '"axesset" module is not initialized.' )

    if ( .not. timeset_inited ) call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, '"timeset" module is not initialized.' )


  end subroutine InitCheck

  subroutine InitialFileOutput( xyz_U, xyz_V, xyz_Temp, xyz_QVap, xy_Ps )
    !
    ! 初期値データの出力を行います. 
    !
    ! Output initial data

    ! モジュール引用 ; USE statements
    !

    ! 時刻管理
    ! Time control
    !
    use timeset, only: TimeN, EndTime               ! 計算終了時刻. 
                              ! End time of calculation

    ! gtool4 データ出力
    ! Gtool4 data output
    !
    use gtool_history, only: HistoryPut, HistorySetTime

    ! 組み込み関数 PRESENT の拡張版関数
    ! Extended functions of intrinsic function "PRESENT"
    !
    use dc_present, only: present_and_true

    ! 日付および時刻の取り扱い
    ! Date and time handler
    !
    use dc_date, only: operator(+), operator(<), operator(-), operator(==), operator(>=), DCDiffTimePutLine

    ! 宣言文 ; Declaration statements
    !
    implicit none
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_U  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ u $ .     東西風速. Eastward wind
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_V  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ v $ .     南北風速. Northward wind
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_Temp  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ T $ .     温度. Temperature
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_QVap  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ q $ .     比湿. Specific humidity
    real(DP), intent(in):: xy_Ps (0:imax-1, 1:jmax)
                              ! $ p_s $ .   地表面気圧. Surface pressure

    ! 実行文 ; Executable statement
    !
    if ( .not. restart_file_opened ) call RestartFileOpen( flag_init_data = .true. )

    ! 初期値出力であることのチェック
    ! Check initial data output
    !
    if ( .not. flag_init_data_save ) then
      call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'Now, restart data output mode.' )
    end if

    ! 時刻の設定
    ! Set time
    !
    call HistorySetTime( difftime = TimeN, history = gthst_rst )

    ! データ出力
    ! Data output
    !
    call HistoryPut( 'U', xyz_U, history = gthst_rst )       ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'V', xyz_V, history = gthst_rst )       ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'Temp', xyz_Temp, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'QVap', xyz_QVap, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'Ps', xy_Ps, history = gthst_rst )      ! (in)

  end subroutine InitialFileOutput

  subroutine RestartFileInit
    !
    ! restart_file_io モジュールの初期化を行います. 
    ! NAMELIST#restart_file_io_nml の読み込みはこの手続きで行われます. 
    !
    ! "restart_file_io" module is initialized. 
    ! "NAMELIST#restart_file_io_nml" is loaded in this procedure. 
    !

    ! モジュール引用 ; USE statements
    !

    ! 時刻管理
    ! Time control
    !
    use timeset, only: StartTime             ! 計算開始時刻. 
                              ! Start time of calculation

    ! NAMELIST ファイル入力に関するユーティリティ
    ! Utilities for NAMELIST file input
    !
    use namelist_util, only: namelist_filename, NmlutilMsg

    ! 日付および時刻の取り扱い
    ! Date and time handler
    !
    use dc_date, only: DCDiffTimeCreate, operator(-)

    ! ファイル入出力補助
    ! File I/O support
    !
    use dc_iounit, only: FileOpen

    ! 種別型パラメタ
    ! Kind type parameter
    !
    use dc_types, only: STDOUT ! 標準出力の装置番号. Unit number of standard output

    ! 宣言文 ; Declaration statements
    !
    implicit none

    ! 作業変数
    ! Work variables
    !
    integer:: unit_nml        ! NAMELIST ファイルオープン用装置番号. 
                              ! Unit number for NAMELIST file open
    integer:: iostat_nml      ! NAMELIST 読み込み時の IOSTAT. 
                              ! IOSTAT of NAMELIST read

    ! NAMELIST 変数群
    ! NAMELIST group name
    !
    namelist /restart_file_io_nml/ InputFile, OutputFile, IntValue, IntUnit
          !
          ! デフォルト値については初期化手続 "restart_file_io#RestartFileInit" 
          ! のソースコードを参照のこと. 
          !
          ! Refer to source codes in the initialization procedure
          ! "restart_file_io#RestartFileInit" for the default values. 
          !


    ! 実行文 ; Executable statement
    !

    if ( restart_file_io_inited ) return
    call InitCheck

    ! デフォルト値の設定
    ! Default values settings
    !
    InputFile  = ''
    if ( .not. flag_init_data_save ) then
      OutputFile = 'restart.nc'
    else
      OutputFile = 'init.nc'
    end if
    IntValue   = 1.0
    IntUnit    = 'day'

    ! NAMELIST の読み込み
    ! NAMELIST is input
    !
    if ( trim(namelist_filename) /= '' ) then
      call FileOpen( unit_nml, namelist_filename, mode = 'r' ) ! (in)

      rewind( unit_nml )
      read( unit_nml, nml = restart_file_io_nml, iostat = iostat_nml ) ! (out)
      close( unit_nml )

      call NmlutilMsg( iostat_nml, module_name ) ! (in)
      if ( iostat_nml == 0 ) write( STDOUT, nml = restart_file_io_nml )
    end if

    ! 出力時間間隔の設定
    ! Configure time interval of output
    !
    call DCDiffTimeCreate( IntTime, IntValue, IntUnit )           ! (in)
    PrevOutputTime = StartTime

    ! フラグの初期化
    ! Initialize flag
    !
    flag_output_end = .false.

    ! 印字 ; Print
    !
    call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, '----- Initialization Messages -----' )
    call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, 'Input:: ' )
    if ( trim(InputFile) /= '' ) then
      call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, '  InputFile  = %c', c1 = trim(InputFile) )
    else
      call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, '  InputFile  = <Non>' )
      call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, '  ** Initial data is generated in "initial_data" module' )
    end if
    call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, 'Output:: ' )
    call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, '  OutputFile = %c', c1 = trim(OutputFile) )
    call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, '  IntTime    = %r [%c]', r = (/ IntValue /), c1 = trim(IntUnit) )
    call MessageNotify( 'M', module_name, '-- version = %c', c1 = trim(version) )

    restart_file_io_inited = .true.
  end subroutine RestartFileInit

  subroutine RestartFileOutput0( xyz_UB, xyz_VB, xyz_TempB, xyz_QVapB, xy_PsB, xyz_UN, xyz_VN, xyz_TempN, xyz_QVapN, xy_PsN )
    !
    ! リスタートデータの出力を行います. 
    !
    ! Output restart data

    ! モジュール引用 ; USE statements
    !

    ! 時刻管理
    ! Time control
    !
    use timeset, only: TimeN, EndTime               ! 計算終了時刻. 
                              ! End time of calculation

    ! gtool4 データ出力
    ! Gtool4 data output
    !
    use gtool_history, only: HistoryPut, HistorySetTime

    ! 組み込み関数 PRESENT の拡張版関数
    ! Extended functions of intrinsic function "PRESENT"
    !
    use dc_present, only: present_and_true

    ! 日付および時刻の取り扱い
    ! Date and time handler
    !
    use dc_date, only: operator(+), operator(<), operator(-), operator(==), operator(>=), DCDiffTimePutLine

    ! 宣言文 ; Declaration statements
    !
    implicit none
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_UB  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ u (t-\Delta t) $ .   東西風速. Eastward wind
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_VB  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ v (t-\Delta t) $ .   南北風速. Northward wind
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_TempB  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ T (t-\Delta t) $ .   温度. Temperature
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_QVapB  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ q (t-\Delta t) $ .   比湿. Specific humidity
    real(DP), intent(in):: xy_PsB (0:imax-1, 1:jmax)
                              ! $ p_s (t-\Delta t) $ . 地表面気圧. Surface pressure
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_UN  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ u (t) $ .     東西風速. Eastward wind
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_VN  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ v (t) $ .     南北風速. Northward wind
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_TempN  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ T (t) $ .     温度. Temperature
    real(DP), intent(in):: xyz_QVapN  (0:imax-1, 1:jmax, 1:kmax)
                              ! $ q (t) $ .     比湿. Specific humidity
    real(DP), intent(in):: xy_PsN (0:imax-1, 1:jmax)
                              ! $ p_s (t) $ .   地表面気圧. Surface pressure

    ! 作業変数
    ! Work variables
    !
    logical:: flag_output
                              ! 出力のフラグ. 
                              ! Flag for output

    ! 実行文 ; Executable statement
    !
    if ( .not. restart_file_opened ) call RestartFileOpen

    ! リスタートデータ出力であることのチェック
    ! Check restart data output
    !
    if ( flag_init_data_save ) then
      call MessageNotify( 'E', module_name, 'Now, initial data output mode.' )
    end if

    ! 出力タイミングのチェック
    ! Check output timing
    !
    flag_output = TimeN - PrevOutputTime >= IntTime
    if ( TimeN >= EndTime .and. .not. flag_output_end ) then
      flag_output = .true.
      flag_output_end = .true.
    end if
    flag_output = ( .not. TimeN == PrevOutputTime ) .and. flag_output
    flag_output = flag_init_data_save .or. flag_output

    if ( .not. flag_output ) return

    ! 次回用に, 今回の出力 (希望) 時刻 を保存
    ! Save output time (expected) in this time, for next time
    !
    PrevOutputTime = PrevOutputTime + IntTime

    ! 時刻の設定
    ! Set time
    !
    call HistorySetTime( difftime = TimeN, history = gthst_rst )

    ! データ出力
    ! Data output
    !
    call HistoryPut( 'UB', xyz_UB, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'VB', xyz_VB, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'TempB', xyz_TempB, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'QVapB', xyz_QVapB, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'PsB', xy_PsB, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)

    call HistoryPut( 'UN', xyz_UN, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'VN', xyz_VN, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'TempN', xyz_TempN, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'QVapN', xyz_QVapN, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)
    call HistoryPut( 'PsN', xy_PsN, history = gthst_rst ) ! (in)

  end subroutine RestartFileOutput0